Early Childhood Education: Children can Learn Anything Through “Play”

There is a constant conflict between early childhood educators and advocators who believe that children should only be playing, and not being “forced to learn” things. There is a fine line between the two because it is clear that children are learning even while playing. So where is the line? I think psychologist Gordon Neufeld hit the nail on the head in the article “All Work and No Play…” in Ottowa Citizen:

“Toilet training can be work, and it can be play. If a child is told that they will sit on the toilet until they produce results, then it’s work. If there’s food dye in the toilet and the child is eager to find out what colour the water turns after a tinkle, then it’s play. Learning to play the piano can be work for a preschool child, or it could be play. If it’s coming out of a child’s passion, then it’s play.”

Extrapolating this statement, I guess the same applies to any other subject we teach our young children be it reading, Math, Science, art, or even sports. It isn’t the “what” but rather the “how” – if that makes any sense. Children can learn anything as long as they want to. If they want to, it’s play. If they don’t, it’s work. And what early childhood educators should be aiming for is to make sure it looks and feels like play. And if it doesn’t, either find another way, or drop it for now.

And that brings me to another line of argument: If we make everything fun and enjoyable for our children, they will never really learn how to work hard or to persevere through hardships. I confess that this has been one of my deepest fears. Success in later life means commitment, having tenacity, and never giving up. How will a child ever learn these values if we make things too sweet for them? The natural tendency will be to follow the path of least resistence so surely it is good to give them a nudge in the direction where things are hard, isnt it?

After pondering about it further, in light of the article in Ottowa Citizen, the question isn’t “whether” but “when”. There will be time for them to learn about struggling and working hard in the later years. During the early years, it should be about foundation and grounding. If we can do that right, they will be primed and ready for challenges later in life – or so I hope. I guess this is a little like the discipline issue – what they are now is not necessarily how they will be when they’re 18. In fact, there are numerous changes that children undergo that we come to accept as part of the natural law of growing up – that they won’t still be in diapers when they’re 18, they won’t be still nursing, they won’t be stuck to us like a siamese twin because they’re worried they won’t see us again, and I could go on and on.

Rather than fear a particular trait you don’t like in your child and worry that he’ll be doomed to be like that for the rest of his life, work on helping him over come it and be patient. Don’t expect miracles to happen overnight. The great thing about noticing these faults early is that we can still do something to correct it.

Anyway, I’ve digressed… The article also adds that:

Neufeld is against four-year-old kindergarten. He’s also against five-year-old kindergarten. And possibly even six-year-old kindergarten. Unless, of course, kindergarten is all about play and not at all about results.

So I guess I should be glad that whenever I ask Aristotle what he did at school, he answers: “Nothing. I played all day.”


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Early Childhood Education: Yep, I Torture my Children with Flash Cards

When it comes to early childhood education, there is one point I struggle with when I read comments like:

“Asking children to handle material that their brain is not equipped for can cause frustration.”

“If a child is forced to sit down and read flash cards but he is not capable of understanding the word yet, his brain is stressed and the body releases cortisol, the stress hormone.”

Especially when I have seen how Hercules responds to such materials. What would be considered “material that their brain is not equipped for”? Hercules watches the following video and he really enjoys it:

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13s4wWwugus

He especially loves the song that comes with it – it’s one of his favourite songs.

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3HDrifRENE

He also loves the Elements song by They Might Be Giants from Here Comes Science:

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0zION8xjbM

He enjoys that CD so much that he calls for “Science real, science real, science real” whenever we get into the car because that’s the name of the first song on the CD. And sometimes, he breaks into song and starts singing “come come come e’ments!” which translates to “c’mon, c’mon, come meet the elements”. He lacks the full lyrics and the tune but the reason I can recognise it is because he sings the same thing in the car when he listens to the CD.

We’re encouraged to sing to our children nursery rhymes that are sometimes meaningless so what’s the difference if we sing educational songs? As one mother once said on a forum (about Peter Weatherall’s Simple Science) – there is no more wondering about twinkle little star, now our children can learn what it is.

Since he was little, he’s loved Little Math. I’ll get onto the computer and he’ll run up to me and say, “Numbers, numbers, numbers!” Now he actually says, “Math.” He also loves his TweedleWink DVDs and right brain classes. He likes to curl up in my lap and nurse while he watches a TweedleWink lesson. When he was little, he really enjoyed the flash cards I made for him. Lately, however, he hasn’t really wanted to look at any of my flash cards except Little Reader and the Periodic Table Elements series I made for him (hence the sudden drop in new flash cards being released).

And for a child who used to chew on his books, bend back the spines, and stomp on them, he has now developed an appreciation for reading. Okay, so he still steps on the books occasionally, but he now actively brings books to me and asks me to read them for him. I can distract him from the TV by suggesting to read one of his favourite books. He enjoys listening to the stories so much that he often wants me to read his favourite stories over and over and over until I feel like a broken record. Sometimes I’m the one that cringes when he brings me a book to read.

Even though he can now string four words together, he has developed a new love for Signing Time and asks to listen to it in the car (after we’ve heard Here Comes Science on loop until everyone’s sick of it) and to watch the DVDs. We’ve done a lot of early childhood programs with him, but he’s also had a lot of free play time to pour out boxes of toys so he can sit in the box, build towers out of Lego Duplo, make piles of toys so he can throw his Angry Birds soft toys at them and re-enact a live version of the digital game, and play hide and seek and chase with his brother.

The problem that happens when a parent says they do “flash cards” or teach their young child Math (or any other subject) is that it creates this awful image of a teary-eyed child sitting at a desk being force-fed information hour upon hour while they gaze longingly out the window at the sunshine and trees. I’ve even heard a mother admit, almost apologetically, “Yes, I torture my child,” as she confessed to implementing early childhood programs at home with her child.

The reality of such home programs is that they actually take up very little time in a child’s day. It takes us the whole of 5 minutes (if that) to get through the lessons on Little Reader and Little Math. A TweedleWink lesson on DVD runs for 8 minutes. That’s 13 minutes of his whole day – it hardly eats into his play time. It isn’t black or white where a child either spends all his time studying or all his time playing. I don’t understand why the arguments for and against early childhood learning seem to paint it so.

Aristotle loves bookshops. I recently bought him some books from the MPH moving sale thinking they would last him a while and he read all of them except one in two days. I wonder if he might have finished them all in the first day if I had let him attack the bag of books. Sometimes we go to a bookshop and he sits and reads book after book and complains when we have to leave. He doesn’t even mind that Daddy takes Hercules to the jungle gym while he reads his books at the book shop.

Hercules loves numbers, science, and reading. He has a healthy curiosity (some might even say he’s too curious for his own good) and he loves to play.


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Early Childhood Education: Monkey See, Monkey Learn…

I used to wonder about the value in sending a young child for enrichment classes. After all, what value can be derived if a child cannot sit still and pay attention? And yet, I started sending Hercules for right brain education classes from a tender age of 5 months.

In TweedleWink, it was more about input and less about output so it made sense. We were providing sensory input, knowledge and information, and stimulation for the right brain.

In Heguru, the parents participated in the activities while the children watched (or didn’t watch, as was sometimes the case). And I told myself that early exposure was good so that they would be familiar with these activities when they were older and would want to participate in them as soon as they were physically and mentally able to. After all, it’s “monkey see, monkey do”, right? So that was the sense of early classes.

And then I read about that research by Giacomo Rizzolatti that led to the discovery of “mirror neurons”. I cannot recall the book I read it in, but I found a reference to the study in Scientific American. In the experiment, they had a monkey wired up to a machine that could detect neurons being fired. They were studying the area of the brain called the premotor cortex. Quite by accident, they noticed that when the monkey was watching them eat, its neurons were firing as if it were performing the same eating action even though the monkey was motionless.

If simply watching someone else performing an activity can cause neuronal firing in our brains as if we were performing that activity, is it possible that children watching an activity being performed might derive almost as good as if not as good as the benefit of doing the activity themselves? So if Hercules watches me do the Mandala exercises, or linking memory, or tangram, he learns the activity as well?

When Aristotle was little – way before I had ever heard of Glenn Doman or anything about infant education – I lacked the knowledge on how to help stimulate his brain so I would sit beside him and play with his toys while he watched so he could learn how to play with them. I would do jigsaw puzzles, while he threw the pieces around. I would create Duplo constructions while he pulled the pieces off. I would build towers out of blocks while he knocked them down. I would make up stories using his Thomas trains while he listened. These were the bulk of our “developmental” activities way before I knew about teaching babies to read, right brain development, and all the rest.

Judging from what I’ve read about early childhood development, it would appear that I have not been too far off with my “uneducated” approach towards Aristotle’s early brain stimulation. Even though young children might not be physically capable, or even mentally capable of expressing what they have learned through observation, they are still taking it all in – even when they appear as if they aren’t even paying attention.

In one article, I read that this is because unlike adult brains which work like a torch shining a narrow beam of light on one spot, children’s brains are like lanterns spreading light over everything. Recently, I read the phyisiology of how it all works in “The Brain That Changes Itself” by Norman Doidge. Michael Merzenich’s research talks about the critical period when learning is as easy as breathing. Merzenich explains that because young children cannot know what is important to learn and what is not, their brains are wired to be engaged at all times to take in everything they see and hear because they cannot differentiate between what they need to know and what they don’t. It is only after the critical period, when a foundation is already established, that their lantern of light narrows its focus. By that time, they are like adults in their need to “pay attention” in order to learn.

Since learning is so easy during the critical period, it makes sense to start teaching children to read early. It’s why it’s so much easier for young children to learn new languages (and that goes even if they missed it in their first year). Essentially, they cannot stop themselves learning because their brains are compelled to do so. They are fascinated by everything, they notice everything, and they want to know everything.

I think this also explains why when Aristotle was young, he could see Thomas everywhere, even if it was most obscurely placed or so well hidden that our adult eyes are unable to find it. You could not take him past any place where Thomas was visible in some tiny corner without him noticing it. However, now that he is older, he seems to “miss” more things. It is easier to slip things past him because he is starting to tune out “unnecessary” stimuli. Hercules, on the other hand, is going through the same phase Aristotle once went through – he sees Mickey and Angry Birds everywhere.

When I read about the critical period that Merzenich describes, I am reminded of Maria Montessori’s Absorbent Mind, and Doman’s and Shichida’s first six years. If a child can see it and hear it, he can learn it, even if he can’t do it, or tell you that he knows it. And since everything that we say, do and show our children in this critical period is being absorbed by that little sponge in their heads, why not make it as meaningful as possible?


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